This week we will attempt to disperse the clouds of Mass Confusion swirling around the variety of names for the Mass. The Mass has been known by many names throughout history. The word “Mass” probably comes from the words used at the dismissal, “The Mass is ended, go in peace”. The Latin words are “Ite, missa est” which literally translated are, “Go (plural), it has been sent”. One might ask, “What has been sent?” Good question! Although scholars make a living debating such things, I will suggest two solutions based on our need of a singular feminine noun to agree with missa. First, the Church’s prayer (oratio) of thanksgiving (eucharistia), and the sacrifice of the Son have been sent to the Father in the unity of the Holy Spirit. Second, the assembly (ecclesia) has been sent to bring the Lord into the world.
Another familiar term for the Mass is “Liturgy” from the Greek meaning service, ministry, worship, offering, or sacrifice. The Mass is the Church’s worship of, and offering to God.
The word “Eucharist” comes from the Greek word meaning “thanksgiving”. It occurs in the New Testament most notably in the accounts of the Last Supper when Jesus “taking bread, and giving thanks, broke it and gave it to them saying, ‘This is my body to be given for you...’” (Lk 22:19). The word is also used in the account of the ten lepers who were healed by Jesus. Only the Samaritan returned, prostrated himself before the Lord, and gave thanks (Lk 17:16).
Today we use the word “Eucharist” in two distinct ways. When we “celebrate the Eucharist” we mean to say that we offer the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass. When we “receive the Eucharist” we mean that we receive the Sacrament of Holy Communion.
Sources: The Holy Bible (RSV), The Greek New Testament (UBS 4th ed.), New Catholic Encyclopedia (CUA).
